In recent two decades, the widespread and all-round use of mobile Phone has had a wide variety of effects on social behavior and relationships and leisure patterns people have. Young people, as leaders in using mobile Phone, are at the center of attention in related studies and researches. The purpose of this paper is to study the application of this device in people's social relationships and leisure time regarding its diverse functions. For this purpose, 323 questionnaires were distributed among Shahid Beheshti University students using random sampling. Results showed that there is a significant difference between mobile Phone usage and social relationships. The influential variables in this category are occupation and marital status. Also, there is a significant positive relationship between the type of mobile Phone use and the amount and manner of spending leisure time. The highest use of this device was found to be in their leisure time, listening to music.

Iranian youth’s leisure culture has been immediately affected by the digital media culture. As a communicative media, Cell Phone has crossed borders of youth norms and identity; and in addition to facilitating their communication, has changed its patterns. Applying Bourdieu’s concepts of habitus and field, and relied on the qualitative and quantitative data gathered from the mobile youth users, the present study argues that mobile has produced a new field in which youth’s opportunities for leisure, entertainment, communication, and independence have extended. In addition, Cell Phone has facilitated and compensated for some defects in public sphere, and therefore empowered youth agency, individuality, and power. Despite this strengthening, Cell Phone does not cross borders of gender and class differences, or the levels of social capital.

Introduction: Over the last decades, there has been an increasing trend in using Cell Phones which are exposing us to Radio-Frequency (RF) and Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) magnetic fields with various known and unknown biological effects. This protective study aimed to investigate the impact of environmental 217 Hz (as an ELF) magnetic fields generated by mobile Phones on angiogenesis as an essential factor in tumor growth, in vitro and in vivo. Material and Methods: Magnetic fields with amplitudes of 0. 5, 6, 22, 44, 65 & 159 μ, T were exposed on Human umbilical vein endothelial Cells (HUVECs) and proliferation and viability of Cells were measured. 3D angiogenesis assay was done by culturing HUVEC-covered microbeads in collagen gel and counting the number of sprouting micro-vessels per microbead. The percent of CD31 positive areas in breast tumor tissues of mice was assessed in the in vivo study. Results: Results showed that some of the applied amplitudes could increase proliferation as well as the viability of HUVECs. Furthermore, 22 and 44 μ, T magnetic fields could significantly increase the angiogenesis of breast tumors in the mouse. Conclusion: There is a promoting effect from ELF magnetic fields generated by Cell Phones on the angiogenesis of tumors. It will be helpful if we recommend that cancer patients not to be exposed to Cell Phones.

Background: The use of a Cell Phone when driving has been recognized as a type of distraction worldwide. Addictive tendency to use technology, including Cell Phone use while driving may be a substantial problem for drivers and increasing risk of accidents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of drivers’ addiction to use a Cell Phone while driving.Materials and Methods: A sample of 400 drivers with ages 18-65 years old completed a questionnaire which was designed based on Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Hierarchical regression analysis was utilized to predict drivers’ addiction to use a Cell Phone while driving on demographic characteristics and TPB components.Results: Drivers had mean age of 35.63 (8.72) and were 77% male, and 23% female. Tests of validity and reliability were conducted for every variable. According to findings, the hierarchical regression analysis model showed that the TPB was able to predict 59% variance in addiction toward Cell Phone use and attitude emerging as the strongest predictor during this analysis. All components of TPB were more independent to age than gender.Conclusion: The fundamental TPB components were directly associated with the addiction to use a Cell Phone when driving. The present study has identified that older drivers were considerably less probable to use a Cell Phone while driving. Also this study showed that males use a Cell Phone significantly more frequent. More practical road safety measures are required to rebuff and mitigate the effects of using Cell Phones while driving.

The aim of this study was comparative study and identifying appealing factors of "Cell Phone social networks" from user’s point of view. The research method was qualitative phenomenology. For this purpose 20 users of Islamic Azad University Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch was selected based on purposive sampling heterogeneous. The data were collected through a semi-structured interview and continued until data saturation. Then, the data were analyzed by applying the 7 - step Colaizzi method and based on the "Uses and gratifications theory". Findings showed that the appealing factors of "Cell Phone social networks" from user’s point of view were included "information dissemination and information finding", "use of new media technology", "facilitate family relationships", "facilitate friendly relations", "strengthening communications group", "strengthening the values and knowledge of personal" and "use of recreational opportunities" that in this article presented.

Taking advantage of the theoretical orientation of Apparatgeist (Katz, Akhus. 2002) and the Functional Development Pattern (Geser, 2004), this study has explored some similarities and differences in perceptions among a group of women in Tehran. In this context, conducted in Sept. 2009, a sample of 300 women residing in six distinct districts of Tehran was surveyed in order to asses: 1. Prevalent attitude about Cell Phone among different groups of women. 2. Relation between ‘mobile Phones’ perceptions' and ‘mobile usage rate’. 3. Similarity or dissimilarity of attitudes toward Cell Phone among different groups of women. Some of the main results of the research are: A: Instrumental attitude seems to be the strongest attitude toward Cell Phone among the women. B: There are significant correlation between ‘emotional attitude’ and ‘instrumental attitude’ with the ‘Cell Phone usage rate’. C: Similarities in attitudes toward Cell Phone are stronger than the differences.

The goal of this research was to investigate the evolution trend of Cell Phone usage in primary school children. The research method was qualitative and the type was grounded theory. The study sample included 115 girl and boy Cell Phone users who studied from 1st to 6th grade in primary school. The sampling of the research was purposeful. The results of the study indicated that girl and boy Cell Phone users at early grades of primary school, after getting acquainted with some features of Cell Phones (like communications, entertainment, education and services) use it positively. But at higher grades of primary school, due to lack of necessary cultural grounding in society, school and family for proper usage of Cell Phones, the application of Cell Phones gradually drifts towards improper usages (like time wasting, call disturbing, malignity, snobbery, facilitation of girls and boys relationships, SMS loves, call credit exploitation, playing with Bluetooth, disclosure of individuals' private information, improper or pornography photos and videos applications, electronic aggression, finding hidden identity, identity disorientation, and Cell Phone addiction). Therefore, to avoid these issues, it is necessary for cultural and educational authorities and students’ parents to make a big effort for cultural grounding for proper and useful application of Cell Phones.